2009年高中英语记牢单词的十种方法(2)
来源:课堂45分钟发布时间:2013-07-19
The boy never goes to school late . The boy always goes to school early . ( never 是 always 的反义词,late 是 early 的反义词)
The village is quiet and famous . The village is not noisy and unknown. ( quiet 是 noisy 的反义词,famous 是 unknown 的反义词)
五、同义词和近义词归类:
英语里有很多词性相同的同义词和近义词,它们在句中可以互换使用,但有些却不能互换,对于这一点,在归类记忆时应特别注意,不要弄错。例如: hope & wish ,broad & wide ,almost & nearly ,family & house 等。
六、同音同形异义词归类:
英语中有许多词一词多义。如 have ,make ,take ,get ,go 等动词用在不同的场合,就可能有不同的词义。按照同音同形异义词进行归类,有利于记忆。例如:
1. I have to ________ my homework until next week.
It is time for us to ________. ( Key: leave ,vi. 出发; vt. 留下)
2. Dr. Smith telephoned to say that he couldn't ________ the meeting because he had to ________ a patient. ( Key: attend ,vt. 出席;护理)
3. His voice ________ higher and higher. ( Key: rose,rise 的过去式)
Every ________ has its thorn (刺) . ( Key: rose,n. 玫瑰花)
七、同形异音异义词归类:
一个单词由于读音不同(含重读音节和词性各异),词义便发生了变化,这在听力和语音题中很重要。例如:
1. He lives [ ](填写音标) in the city of Xi'an. [ livz ]
Five lives [ ] were lost in the flood. [ laivz ]
2. Hearing the sad news,she burst into tears [ ] . [ ti [ z ]
The baby often tears [ ] newspaper to pieces. [ t Z [ z ]
3. The content [ ] of the article is good. [ 5 k [ ntent ]
Nothing can content [ ] her. [ k [ n 5 tent ]
八、同音异形异义词归类:
汉语有人、仁、任、壬等同音异形异义字,英语有许多单词也是这样。例如: cent & sent ,hair & hare ,steal & steel ,guessed & guest 等。请看下面几个例句(注意划线部分的单词),即可知同音异形异义词归类法确定是记牢单词的又一种有效方法。
1. Her face looks plae and she can't carry a pail of water.
2. The Strait of Taiwan is not straight.
3. The flower on the desk is made of flour .
4. The happy pair planted a pear tree.
九、形近词归类:
英语单词是由二十六个英语字母以不同的顺序,排列组合而成的。因此多一个字母,少一个字母,颠倒一个字母,错写一个字母,都会造成拼写错误,或变成另外一个单词。原因是英语中有很多形态相近的单词,稍不注意,极易混淆。例如:
十、单词拼写错误的原因归类:
据一些研究人员分析统计,造成单词拼写错误的原因,大多与单词中的字母读音有关。单词中的字母读音,约分七种,即元音字母、辅音字母、元音字母组合、辅音字母组合、元音辅音字母组合、一些不发音的字母及单词后缀的读音等。例如:从 A. ea ,B. ee ,C. ie ,D. eu 中选出适当的字母组合将 alr____dy 补充完整。根据读音 A. ea [ e ],B. ee [ i: ],C. ie [ ai [ ],D. eu [ / ],自然正确答案是 A . dr ea dful ,sw ea t 等单词中的字母组合 ea 也发[ e ]。